What is the rectifier Types Working Circuit Diagram
You may have heard about Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC) Current. What happens and where is used. AC current is the supply of AC current in our homes. So that almost all the equipment of our house works. But there are some tools in our house which work on DC supply. Like your inverter, you will see a battery of 12 volt which works entirely on DC voltage.
So AC current in our house, we have to make a DC according to the battery, for this, we use transformers and rectifiers.
Definition of rectifier
It is an electronic device that works to convert AC current to DC. The rectifier is used in many circuits. Wherever we have to change the DC voltage from AC, we have to use the rectifier. Use the rectifier diode to convert such a supply into a DC or can say that the diode is used to make the rectifier is. And the rectifier is mainly of 2 types, which you have been better described below.
Type of rectifier
1. Half Wave Rectifier Theory
This rectifier can rectify only the Half Cycle of AC supply. Step down transformer is used in this rectifier which is added to the diode The circuit diagram of this Half Wave Rectifier is given below to you.
First, the main supply voltage is given to the transformer, if the transformer, if step down is used, then it will reduce the voltage and send it to the diode, we have shown step-down transformer because generally, the transformer reduces the voltage for the rectifier. Whether it is a simple battery charger or you have to run a device from it. This rectifier has only one diode which is attached to the series above the secondary winding of the transformer. And this diode prevents Reverse Bias Current. That's why it only allows Half Wave to pass, so this rectifier is called Half Wave Rectifier.
Working of Half Wave Rectifier
When the voltage is given by the transformer on the rectifier, it is both positive and negative cycles, but due to the rectifier diode, only lets Positive Half Cycles go ahead. And prevents negative Half Cycles.
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| Half waveform |
Because the diode Half-positive Cycle used in the rectifier will turn into the forward Bias position and pass that cycle. But as soon as the Half Negative Cycle comes on the diode it will return to the Reverse Bias position and will not pass that Half Negative Cycle.
2.Full Wave Rectifier
Full wave rectifier rectifiers both positive and negative both Cycles of the Input voltage waveform. The output of this rectifier is much higher than the Half Wave Rectifier. And its output has little use than AC Components input. The Full Wave Rectifier is further divided into two categories.
1. Center Tapped Full Wave Rectifier
2. Full Wave Bridge Rectifier
1. Center Tapped Full Wave Rectifier
In Center Tapped Full Wave Rectifier, 2 diodes are used. And this diode is connected with the center tapped transformer as shown in the circuit diagram below you. The positive terminal of both diodes is connected at both ends of the transformer. And the Center Tap terminal is negative which gets added with the direct load.
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| center tapped full wave rectifier circuit diagram |
Center Tapped Full Wave Rectifier Working
The ac voltage is given on the primary winding of the transformer. And the diode is connected on the second binding of the transformer. Because a diode in the Half Wave Rectifier was able to rectify Half Cycle only then another diode has been installed here to rectify the other Half Cycle. So when the diode D1 Forward If the Bias is in position, then it will let the current go ahead and at that time the diode D2 will be in the reverse biased condition and it will not let the current go forward.
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| a full-waveform |
So Half Cycle becomes Rectify like this. And when the diode D2 is in the forward Bias position, it will allow the current to move forward and at that time the diode D1 will be in the reverse biased condition and it will not let the current go forward. So this second Half Cycle also gets rectify and we get Full Wave in the output due to both diodes.
But it does not purify the rectified output, and Dc Component is used to clean it.
3.Full Wave Bridge Rectifier
Full Wave Bridge Rectifier Theory: The diode in the bridge rectifier is made as a bridge and it is used for full-wave rectification and it is very cheap so that it is used in many devices of electronics.
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| a full wave bridge rectifier circuit diagram |
Working Of Bridge Rectifier
It is as easy as seeing the rectifier. Once you understand it, you will never forget it. Its circuit diagram gives you the above. Where you can see the connections of the diode, how the bridge is created by adding the diode.
When the first Half Cycle of AC voltage comes, the D1(upper right side) and D4(lower left side) diodes will be in the forward bias position and it will let the current go. But D2(upper left side) and D3(lower right side) diodes will remain in the reverse base position at that time, then it will not let the current go forward. When the second Half Cycle arrives, the D2 and D3 diodes will be in the forward bias position and it will let the current go. But if D1 and D4 diodes remain in the reverse bias position then it will not let the current go forward.
So this rectifier will rectify both Half Cycle. And in the output, we will get full wave output.
This rectifier is very cheap so you will find it in many devices. With this rectifier, you can also increase your battery charger. In this post, we will tell you how to make a 12-volt battery charger.
Input-Output waveform of half wave and full wave rectifier
These waveforms are shown this fig.
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Input-Output waveform of half wave and full wave rectifier |
In this post, we have tried to give you complete information about what the rectifier is working and its type, Bridge Rectifier, Full Wave Rectifier, Half Wave Rectifier.
If you want to know more about this, ask commenting below.
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